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- *************************************
- * DNA polymerase family B signature *
- *************************************
-
- Replicative DNA polymerases (EC 2.7.7.7) are the key enzymes catalyzing the
- accurate replication of DNA. They require either a small RNA molecule or a
- protein as a primer for the de novo synthesis of a DNA chain. On the basis of
- sequence similarities a number of DNA polymerases have been grouped together
- [1 to 7] under the designation of DNA polymerase family B. The polymerases
- that belong to this family are:
-
- - Higher eukaryotes polymerases alpha.
- - Higher eukaryotes polymerases delta.
- - Yeast polymerase I/alpha (gene POL1), polymerase II/epsilon (gene POL2),
- polymerase III/delta (gene POL3), and polymerase REV3.
- - Escherichia coli polymerase II (gene dinA or polB).
- - Archaebacterial polymerases.
- - Polymerases of viruses from the herpesviridae family.
- - Polymerases from Adenoviruses.
- - Polymerases from Baculoviruses.
- - Polymerases from Chlorella viruses.
- - Polymerases from Poxviruses.
- - Bacteriophage T4 polymerase.
- - Podoviridae bacteriophages Phi-29, M2, and PZA polymerase.
- - Tectiviridae bacteriophage PRD1 polymerase.
- - Polymerases encoded on mitochondrial linear DNA plasmids in various fungi
- and plants (Kluyveromyces lactis pGKL1 and pGKL2, Agaricus bitorquis pEM,
- Ascobolus immersus pAI2, Claviceps purpurea pCLK1, Neurospora Kalilo and
- Maranhar, maize S-1, etc).
-
- Six regions of similarity (numbered from I to VI) are found in all or a subset
- of the above polymerases. The most conserved region (I) includes a conserved
- tetrapeptide which contains two aspartate residues. The function of this
- conserved region is not yet known, however it has been suggested [3] that it
- may be involved in binding a magnesium ion. We selected this conserved region
- as a signature for this family of DNA polymerases.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [YA]-[GLIVMSTAC]-D-T-D-[SG]-[LIVMFTC]-x-[LIVMSTAC]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for yeast polymerase II/epsilon and Agaricus bitorquis pEM.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: 3.
- -Last update: June 1994 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Jung G., Leavitt M.C., Hsieh J.-C., Ito J.
- Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:8287-8291(1987).
- [ 2] Bernad A., Zaballos A., Salas M., Blanco L.
- EMBO J. 6:4219-4225(1987).
- [ 3] Argos P.
- Nucleic Acids Res. 16:9909-9916(1988).
- [ 4] Wang T.S.-F., Wong S.W., Korn D.
- FASEB J. 3:14-21(1989).
- [ 5] Delarue M., Poch O., Todro N., Moras D., Argos P.
- Protein Eng. 3:461-467(1990).
- [ 6] Ito J., Braithwaite D.K.
- Nucleic Acids Res. 19:4045-4057(1991).
- [ 7] Braithwaite D.K., Ito J.
- Nucleic Acids Res. 21:787-802(1993).
-